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In this paper, a new bits truncation adaptive pyramid (BTAP) algorithm for motion estimation is presented. The method employs bits truncation of the gray level from 8 bits to much less bits in the searching algorithm. Compared with conventional fast block matching algorithms, this method drastically improves speed for motion estimation on reduced gray-level images and preserves reasonable performance and algorithm reliability. Bits truncation concept is well combined with hierarchical pyramid algorithm in order to truncate adaptively according to image characteristics. The computation complexity is much less than that of pyramid algorithm and 3-Step motion estimation algorithm because of bit-truncated search and low overhead adaptation. Nevertheless, the PSNR property is also comparable with these two algorithms for various video sequences.