@phdthesis{oai:sucra.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010304,
 author = {Imma, Widyawati Agustin},
 month = {},
 note = {xiii, [159] p., The rural-urban fringe area is the most important area in the city because if city center is insufficient, the target of urban development will move to the rural-urban fringe area. Many urban populations prefer to live in the rural-urban fringe area, as well as housing developers to build housing there due to high demand. This is caused by several things, such as land is cheaper, there is less traffic congestion and pollution, there is easier access and a better road infrastructure, and there is a more pleasant environment with more open space. Many developers are competing with construction in the rural urban fringe area because they want to use the land in the region for several purposes, such as housing developments as urban sprawl continue, science and business parks, hyper-markets and superstores, office developments, hotels and conference centers. If urban development in the area of rural-urban fringe continues to be left uncontrolled, it would be dangerous for the survival of rural-urban fringe area. Because it will cause some problems in the rural-urban fringe area such as large area of the rural-urban fringe maybe lost, buildings maybe out of character with existing rural buildings, villages become sub urbanized, traffic is likely to increase, there may be some noise or pollution. In fact, it is difficult to trace boundaries of rural-urban fringe area clearly because of mixing of urban and provincial properties in an area once. This research investigates this problem by comparing result of three models using GIS function.
The main purpose of this research is to improve the policy of rural-urban planning related to urban development in the rural-urban fringe area. Thus, the objective is divided into several goals, namely: to examine the location of rural-urban fringe area based on combination model; to identify physical change of rural-urban fringe area; to identify the characteristics change of rural-urban fringe area, and to examine an appropriate strategy to anticipate urban development in the rural-urban fringe area. Several approaches are employed, i.e. by comparing result and interpretation of three models (urban-rural land use model, spatial structure model, and combination model) with the same data using GIS function; by comparing result of questionnaire using statistic analysis and overlapping land-use map before and after the construction of fringe-settlements using GIS function; by analyzing the pattern of rural-urban fringe area developments, using exploratory descriptive, statistic descriptive, and population morphology methods; by using SWOT matrix and SWOT analysis.
This research mainly focuses on the location of rural-urban fringe area and city centre in Indonesia, which the location of rural-urban fringe and city centre in the City of Malang has been chosen as the case study. Several primary and secondary data sets are employed, i.e. primary data set of rural-urban fringe area location was observed in September 2009 and continued in July 2010, data set of farmer and come-in population in July 2010. Secondary data set of land conversion in September 2009, land-use policy related to agricultural land conversion from Public Works Department, land use map from National Land Department, village district monographs from village district office, and other data obtained from city government office.
This research is used combination model to identify rural-urban fringe area location. In combination model, the location of rural-urban fringe area is determined by the proportion of urban land-use functions, residential properties and the proportion of agricultural land-use. It was also calculated based on the distance bands. Related to physical, social, cultural, and characteristic change of rural urban fringe, this research is used a combination of quantitative methods with qualitative methods. Quantitative method is used to determine whether there are physical, social, cultural and characteristic change resulting from the development of fringe-settlements in the rural-urban fringe area, while the qualitative method is used to determine patterns of space utilization and the factors that change the spatial patterns.
The results explain that there are differences in large amounts of rural-urban fringe area in three models. The combination model is an appropriate model to identify rural-urban fringe area location compared with the other two models because the rural-urban fringe area location (inner, outer and urban shadow zone) is more balanced and reasonable than the other two models. The combination model can meet the four requirements related to identification of rural-urban fringe area location. Furthermore, the study results also explain that there has been a physical changes in the rural-urban fringe area caused by the development of fringe-settlements, as follows: Changes in land use are significant, from paddy fields into residential and business; Changes in building area, to be increased breadth because of respondents add their house to be used as a place of business; Changes in function of the building, which was originally home to live into home-business; Changes in condition of neighborhood road, which was originally the dirt road/rock into the asphalt road. As a result of the influence of the development of fringe-settlements, occur specific patterns are: The pattern of changes in land use is star-shaped pattern, influenced by the transportation routes (road) and transport facilities; Neighborhood road pattern is a grid system, is influenced by plots of buildings, land use and building function. Moreover, the characteristic of rural-urban fringe area is changed: There has been a conversion of productive agricultural-land into residential-land; Population growth in the rural-urban fringe area is greater than population growth throughout the city; Calculation of urban sprawl acceleration indicates that urbanization process in the inner fringe area is faster than that in the outer fringe area.
For the establishment of new fringe-settlements should be established in areas that still have a large area especially in the inner fringe, and that is not the area of agriculture. This is because the existence of the fringe-settlements will influence the development of rural-urban fringe area. If the fringe settlements built in the agricultural area especially in the outer fringe, it would have caused many problems especially in terms of land use. Outer fringe area should be keep for agricultural land. So, there is a balance in the rural-urban fringe area between inner fringe and outer fringe. In fact, the development of 'fringe-settlements' gives considerable influence on the physical, social, cultural and characteristic changes in the rural-urban fringe area and the economical society. This proves that the 'fringe-settlements' is the trigger new growth of a city/region. For that reason, there needs to be regulation of the 'fringe-settlements' and home-business especially in Indonesia to being focused and organized.
Thus, hopefully this study will give a new model that can be used by planners to identify and to examine the rural-urban fringe area location and it can provide new inputs for the city government in making policy related to fringe-settlements development. It is important thing for rural-urban planning if we want to make a concept or strategy to anticipate urban or regional developments in the rural-urban fringe area for the next future., ABSTRACT  i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS  iv
LIST OF TABLES  viii
LIST OF FIGURES  xi
ABBREVIATIONS AND NOTATIONS  xiv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION  1-1
1.1 Background  1-2
1.2 Research Objective  1-3
1.3 Scope of Research  1-3
1.4 Structure of the Dissertation  1-3
1.5 Research Framework and Analysis Scheme  1-3
1.6 References  1-7
CHAPTER 2 RURAL-URBAN FRINGE  2-1
2.1 Definition of Rural-Urban Fringe  2-1
2.2 Definition of Peri-Urban  2-1
2.3 Environments of the City's Countryside  2-7
2.4 Definition and Characteristics of the City  2-8
2.5 Aspects of City-forming  2-9
2.5.1 Physical aspects  2-9
2.5.2 Social aspects  2-10
2.5.3 Economic aspects  2-10
2.5.4 Transportation aspects  2-10
2.6 City Development  2-11
2.7 The Pattern of City Development  2-11
2.7.1 Concentric development  2-11
2.7.2 Ribbon development  2-12
2.7.3 Leapfrog development  2-13
2.8 The Process and Effects of the Development of Physical Appearance of the City  2-15
2.9 Factors that Influence the Pattern of Physical Development  2-17
2.10 Theory of City Size  2-18
2.11 Administration Delimitation versus Morphology of the City  2-19
2.12 Spatial Differentiation in the Land-use of Cities and Villages  2-19
2.12.1 Morphology of cities by Robin Pryor  2-20
2.12.2 Morphology of cities by Russwurm  2-21
2.12.3 Morphology of cities by Yunus  2-22
2.13 Characteristics of Rural-Urban Fringe Based on Morphology of Cities Approach  2-23
2.14 Environmental Perspective of Rural-Urban Fringe  2-24
2.15 Land-use Pattern in Rural-Urban Fringe  2-25
2.16 Rural-Urban Fringe Communities  2-26
2.17 The Role of GIS in Spatial  2-28
2.18 Pro and Contra in Growth Management Efforts in Rural-Urban Fringe Area  2-29
2.19 Constraints and Strategies in Rural-Urban Fringe Area Development  2-30
2.20 Rural-Urban Fringe Area Development Concepts  2-30
2.20.1 Urban oriented technique  2-31
2.20.2 Rural oriented technique  2-33
2.21 Settlements, Real Estate, and Real Property  2-35
2.21.1 The house as primary needs for human.  2-35
2.21.2 The Provision of housing development  2-36
2.21.3 Factors that affect property values  2-36
2.22 City Centre  2-37
2.23 References  2-39
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY  3-1
3.1 Type of Research  3-1
3.2 Variable  3-2
3.3 Materials of Research  3-3
3.4. Study Approach  3-3
3.4.1 Physical morphological approach  3-3
3.4.2 Behavior approach  3-3
3.5 Research Framework  3-3
3.6 Data Collection  3-7
3.6.1 Determining of population and sample  3-7
3.6.2 Research tools  3-8
3.6.4 Source of data collection  3-8
3.7 Analysis  3-9
3.7.1 Qualitative analysis  3-9
3.7.2 Quantitative analysis  3-11
3.7.3 Analysis of development  3-14
3.8 References  3-15
CHAPTER 4 AN APPROPRIATE MODEL TO IDENTIFY LOCATION OF RURAL-URBAN FRINGE AREA
4.1 Introduction  4-1
4.2 Land Use and Rural-Urban Fringe  4-2
4.2.1 Urban-Rural Land Use Model by Yunus  4-3
4.2.1 Spatial Structure Model by Russwurm  4-4
4.3 Study Area  4-5
4.4 Combination Model  4-6
4.5 Research Method  4-7
4.6 Determining The Location of Rural-Urban Fringe Area  4-9
4.6.1 Urban-Rural Land Use  4-9
4.6.2 Spatial Structure  4-11
4.6.3 Combination  4-13
4.7 Comparative Analysis  4-15
4.8 Discussion and Conclusion  4-18
4.9 References  4-21
CHAPTER 5 THE INFLUENCE OF FRINGE-SETTLEMENTS TO PHYSICAL CHANGE IN RURAL-URBAN FRINGE AREA
5.1 Introduction  5-1
5.2 Settlements, Real Estate and Real Property in Indonesia  5-2
5.2.1 The house as primary needs for human  5-2
5.2.2 The Provision of Housing Development  5-2
5.3 Factors that Affect Property Values  5-3
5.4 Land-use and Rural-Urban Fringe Area  5-3
5.5 Research Method  5-4
5.5.1 Study area  5-5
5.5.2 Data collection  5-7
5.5.3 Questionnaire  5-8
5.6 Physical Change  5-9
5.6.1 Land-use Changes  5-9
5.6.2 Built-up Changes  5-14
5.6.2.1 Building area  5-14
5.7.2.2 Function of building  5-17
5.6.2.3 Shape of building  5-22
5.6.2.4 Layout of building  5-24
5.6.3 Infrastructure of RUF  5-25
5.6.4 Utilities and Home Environment of RUF  5-27
5.6.4.1 Source of water  5-27
5.6.4.2 Waste service  5-29
5.6.4.3 Environmental of health  5-31
5.6.4.4 Electricity demand  5-33
5.6.5 Recapitulation of Physical Change in the Rural-Urban Fringe Area  5-35
5.6.6 The Pattern of development of the region of space in rural-urban fringe area because of the development of fringe-settlements  5-36
5.6.7 Discussion and Conclusion  5-42
5.8 References  5-43
CHAPTER 6 AN APPROPRIATE STRATEGY TO ANTICIPATE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL-URBAN FRINGE AREA
6.1 Introduction  6-1
6.2 Land Use and Rural-Urban Fringe  6-2
6.3 The Role of GIS in Spatial  6-2
6.4 Research Method  6-3
6.4.1 Approach  6-3
6.4.2 Analysis of population growth  6-6
6.4.3 Analysis of agricultural-land reduction  6-6
6.4.4 Analysis of residential-land  6-7
6.4.5 Analysis of additional of non-agriculture land and residential-land  6-7
6.4.6 Analysis of acceleration of urban sprawl  6-7
6.4.7 Analysis of SWOT  6-8
6.5 Study Area  6-8
6.6 Data Collection  6-8
6.2.1 Questionnaire  6-9
6.2.1 Method of survey  6-10
6.2.1 Descriptive statistic  6-10
6.7 Rural-Urban Fringe Area Location Based on Combination Model  6-11
6.8 The Pattern of Regional Development  6-13
6.8.1 The pattern of population growth  6-13
6.8.2 The pattern of building  6-14
6.8.3 The pattern of agricultural-land reduction  6-14
6.8.4 The pattern of additional of residential-land  6-14
6.8.5 The pattern of additional of non-agriculture land and residential-land  6-16
6.8.6 The pattern of acceleration of urban sprawl  6-16
6.9. The Process of Regional Development  6-16
6.9.1 Housing acquisition  6-16
6.9.2 Farmer's commitment to their agricultural-land  6-17
6.9.3 Farmer's commitment to their agricultural-activities  6-18
6.10 Recapitulation of Characteristic Changes in the Rural-Urban Fringe Area  6-18
6.11 Strategy of Rural-Urban Fringe Area  6-19
6.12 Conclusion  6-21
6.13 References  6-22
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION
7.1 Conclusions  7-1
7.1.1 Location of Rural-Urban Fringe Area  7-1
7.1.2 Physical Change of Rural-Urban Fringe Area  7-2
7.1.3An Appropriate Strategy for Rural-Urban Fringe Area  7-3
7.2 Suggestions  7-5
PUBLICATION LIST  8-1
PAPER, 主指導教員 : 久保田尚, text, application/pdf},
 school = {埼玉大学},
 title = {COMBINATION MODEL FOR RURAL-URBAN FRINGE AREA},
 year = {2013},
 yomi = {イッマ, ウィドワティ アグスティン}
}